SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Useware</title>

</head>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Useware</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<p><b>Useware</b> is a term introduced in 1998 to encompass all hardware and <a href="Software_componentry" class="mw-redirect" title="Software componentry">software components</a> of a technical system designed for <a href="Interactivity" title="Interactivity">interactive</a> use. It focuses on technological design in relation to human abilities and needs. A promising method<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to design technical products is to understand human abilities and limitations and tailor the technology to them.

</p><p>Today, useware necessitates its own development needs, which are sometimes greater than those in classical development fields.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, usability is increasingly recognized as a value-adding factor. Often, the useware of machines with similar or equal technical functions is the only characteristic that sets them apart.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Useware_engineering">Useware engineering</h2></div>

<p>Similar to <a href="Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">software engineering</a>, useware <a href="Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a> implies the standardized production of useware by engineers and the associated processes (see Fig. 1). The aim of useware engineering is to develop interfaces that are easy to understand and efficient to use, tailored to human work tasks. Additionally, the interfaces represent machine functionality without overemphasizing it.

</p><p>Therefore, the objective of systematic useware engineering guarantees high usability based on the actual tasks of the users. However, it requires an approach that comprises active and iterative participation of different groups of people.

</p><p>The professional associations GfA (Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft), GI (<a href="Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Informatik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesellschaft für Informatik">Gesellschaft für Informatik</a>), VDE-ITG (The <a href="Information_technology" title="Information technology">Information Technology</a> Society in VDE), and VDI/VDE GMA (The Society for Measurement and <a href="Automatic_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic control">Automatic Control</a> in the VDI/VDE) agreed in 1998 on defining useware as a new term. The term "useware" was intentionally selected in linguistic analogy to hardware and software.

</p><p>Consequently, useware engineering developed in a similar way to the development of engineering processes (see Fig. 2). This reinforces the principal demand for structured development of user-centered <a href="User_interface" title="User interface">user interfaces</a>, as advocated by <a href="Ben_Shneiderman" title="Ben Shneiderman">Ben Shneiderman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After many years of function-oriented development, human abilities and needs are brought into focus. The only promising method to develop future technology products and systems is to understand the users’ abilities and limitations and to aim the technology in that direction.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<p>The useware development process involves the following steps: analysis, structural design, design, realization, and evaluation. These steps should not be considered in isolation but rather as overlapping stages. Maintaining continuity throughout the process and employing appropriate tools, such as those based on the <a href="Extensible_Markup_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Extensible Markup Language">Extensible Markup Language</a> (XML), helps prevent information loss and breaks in media.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analysis">Analysis</h3></div>

<p>Understanding that humans have varied learning, thinking, and working styles is crucial when creating a user interface. The first step is to analyze users, their tasks, and their work settings to figure out what they really need. This analysis is key to designing an interface that's focused on both the user and the task, treating humans and machines as partners in interaction. Techniques like structured interviews, observations, and card sorting help get a full picture of users and their behaviour, which is essential for grasping their tasks, user groups, and work environments fully. Engaging multiple experts such as <a href="Engineer" title="Engineer">engineers</a>, <a href="Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer scientists</a>, and <a href="Psychologist" title="Psychologist">psychologists</a> is crucial, particularly in the analysis phase, to generate task models for documentation and interface design, which inherently include a functional model of the process and/or machine.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure_design">Structure design</h3></div>

<p>The results of the analysis phase inform the structuring phase, where an abstract use model<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is developed based on this information, which is <a href="Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">platform-independent</a>. This use model serves as the foundation for the future user interface, providing a formal representation of use contexts, tasks, and information required for the machine's functionality. Modeled using the Useware <a href="Markup_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Markup Language">Markup Language</a> (useML) within a model-based <a href="Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">development environment</a>, the use model defines the <a href="Basic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Basic structure">basic structure</a> of the interface.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3></div>

<p>During the structuring phase, a hardware platform for the useware must be chosen in parallel. This selection considers both the environmental demands of machine usage, such as pollution, noise, and vibration, and the users' requirements, including display size and optimal interaction devices. Additionally, economic factors play a role. For extensively networked models or those comprising numerous elements, adequate display size is essential for visualizing information structures. These considerations are influenced by user groups and usage contexts.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Realization/prototyping">Realization/prototyping</h3></div>

<p>During prototyping, developers need to choose a <a href="Programming_tool" title="Programming tool">development tool</a>. If the selected environment allows for imports, the developed use model can be brought in, facilitating the creation of the user interface. This typically involves refining dynamic components and dialogue design. Often, there's a disconnect between the structuring and fine design phases. The current array of development tools offers a broad range of notations. Developers must represent the useware through prototypes, such as <a href="Paper_prototypes" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper prototypes">paper prototypes</a> or <a href="Microsoft_PowerPoint" title="Microsoft PowerPoint">Microsoft PowerPoint</a> prototypes.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evaluation">Evaluation</h3></div>

<p>Continuous evaluation throughout the development process enables the early detection of product issues, thereby reducing development costs.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It's crucial to assess not only design aspects but also structural elements like navigational concepts during evaluation. Research indicates that 60% of all usage errors stem from structural deficiencies rather than poor design. Consequently, the evaluation phase must be viewed as a cross-sectional task throughout the entire development process. Therefore, integrating users into product development is paramount.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFAlbach2007" class="citation journal cs1">Albach, Horst (2007). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11573-007-0049-9">"Herz, Dietmar; Weinberger, Veronika (Hrsg.): Lexikon ökonomischer Werke. 650 wegweisende Schriften von der Antike bis ins 20. Jahrhundert"</a></span>. <i>Journal of Business Economics</i>. <b>77</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">697–</span>698. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11573-007-0049-9">10.1007/s11573-007-0049-9</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0044-2372">0044-2372</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Useware-Systeme für internationale Märkte". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-35034-9_4"><i>Useware-Engineering für technische Systeme</i></a>. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 2004. pp. <span class="nowrap">142–</span>164. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F3-540-35034-9_4">10.1007/3-540-35034-9_4</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-540-20647-7</bdi><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMeixner2011" class="citation journal cs1">Meixner, Gerrit (2011). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.17560/atp.v53i12.359">"Mobile Interaktionstechniken in der Fabrik der Zukunft"</a></span>. <i>Atp edition - Automatisierungstechnische Praxis</i>. <b>53</b> (12): 48. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17560%2Fatp.v53i12.359">10.17560/atp.v53i12.359</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2364-3137">2364-3137</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNielsen1987" class="citation journal cs1">Nielsen, Jakob (1987). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/25281.1044310">"Book review: Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction by Ben Shneiderman (Addison-Wesley, 1987)"</a></span>. <i>ACM SIGCHI Bulletin</i>. <b>18</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">85–</span>86. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F25281.1044310">10.1145/25281.1044310</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0736-6906">0736-6906</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHofmeister2007" class="citation book cs1">Hofmeister, Wernfried (2007). "Mehrschichtiges Edieren als neue Chance für die Sprachwissenschaft". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110938869.73"><i>Edition und Sprachgeschichte</i></a>. DE GRUYTER. pp. <span class="nowrap">73–</span>88. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9783110938869.73">10.1515/9783110938869.73</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-484-29526-1</bdi><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFZuehlkeThiels2008" class="citation journal cs1">Zuehlke, Detlef; Thiels, Nancy (2008). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07378830810857852">"Useware engineering: a methodology for the development of user-friendly interfaces"</a></span>. <i>Library Hi Tech</i>. <b>26</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">126–</span>140. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2F07378830810857852">10.1108/07378830810857852</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0737-8831">0737-8831</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJungMüsebeckBarisinSchladitz2022" class="citation journal cs1">Jung, Christian; Müsebeck, Franziska; Barisin, Tin; Schladitz, Katja; Redenbach, Claudia; Kiesche, Martin; Pahn, Matthias (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.58286%2F26620">"Towards automatic crack segmentation in 3d concrete images"</a>. <i>e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing</i>. <b>27</b> (3). <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.58286%2F26620">10.58286/26620</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1435-4934">1435-4934</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGörlichThielsMeixner2008" class="citation journal cs1">Görlich, Daniel; Thiels, Nancy; Meixner, Gerrit (2008). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20080706-5-kr-1001.02334">"Personalized Use Models in Ambient Intelligence Environments"</a></span>. <i>IFAC Proceedings Volumes</i>. <b>41</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">13785–</span>13790. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3182%2F20080706-5-kr-1001.02334">10.3182/20080706-5-kr-1001.02334</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1474-6670">1474-6670</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBias2005" class="citation book cs1">Bias, Randolph G. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012095811-5/50022-5">"The View from the Other Side of the Table"</a>. <i>Cost-Justifying Usability</i> (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. <span class="nowrap">613–</span>621. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-012095811-5%2F50022-5">10.1016/b978-012095811-5/50022-5</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-12-095811-5</bdi><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>Oberquelle, H. (2002): <i>Useware Design and Evolution: Bridging Social Thinking and Software Construction</i>. In: Y. Dittrich, C. Floyd, R. Klischewski (Hrsg.): Social Thinking–Software Practice, S. 391–408, Cambridge, London: MIT-Press</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.useware-forum.de">For further information see the Useware-Forum</a> <small> 17 March 2009</small></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-19" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Useware&oldid=1296431245">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>